In a groundbreaking move, Nigeria, the country with the highest malaria mortality rate globally, has started rolling out a malaria vaccine for the first time. The West African nation, which accounts for almost a third of global malaria deaths annually, is set to make a significant impact on public health with this initiative.
The newly introduced vaccine, R21/Matrix-M, is the second malaria vaccine to be approved by the World Health Organization (WHO). Aimed at children between five and 15 months old, this vaccine boasts a 75% efficacy rate. However, health experts recommend its use in conjunction with other malaria prevention tools, such as mosquito nets and insecticides, to maximize its effectiveness.
The vaccination campaign has commenced in two of Nigeria’s hardest-hit states, Bayelsa and Kebbi, with plans to extend the program nationwide by next year. Happiness Idia-Wilson’s 11-month-old son was the first to receive the vaccine in Bayelsa, a moment marked by a special ceremony. “For the safety of the child, for him to be protected,” she stated, emphasizing her commitment to the health of her son and the community.
Bayelsa’s commissioner for health, Prof. Seiyefa Brisibe, highlighted the importance of community engagement in this initiative. The state plans to conduct health campaigns in all local languages to promote vaccine acceptance and usage. This grassroots approach aims to educate and encourage mothers to vaccinate their children, ensuring widespread protection.
In 2022, Nigeria accounted for 27% of global malaria cases and 31% of malaria deaths, with children under five and pregnant women being the most vulnerable. Africa as a whole saw 95% of malaria deaths, amounting to approximately 580,000 people. Dr. Walter Mulombo, WHO representative in Nigeria, expressed optimism, stating, “We are confident that this vaccine, in combination with other preventive measures, will drastically reduce the burden of malaria in Nigeria and help us move closer to achieving the goal of a malaria-free Africa.”
Malaria not only impacts health but also has significant economic repercussions. The Nigerian government estimates an annual loss of $1.1 billion due to lost productivity and health expenditures related to malaria. The successful roll-out of R21/Matrix-M is expected to alleviate this economic burden, contributing to the overall well-being and economic stability of the nation.
The development of the R21/Matrix-M vaccine by the Jenner Institute at Oxford University represents a collaborative effort in the fight against malaria. Earlier this year, Ivory Coast and the Democratic Republic of Congo also began using the vaccine, signaling a united front in combating this deadly disease.
As the vaccination campaign progresses, the hope is that Nigeria’s example will inspire other malaria-affected countries to take similar steps, paving the way for a malaria-free future.
